Improving local farming systems in response to global climate change

DOI: 10.22161/ijeab.106.1

Abstract:
The purpose of the research is to identify the impact of biologized crop rotations and fertilizers on the content of organic matter - humus and grain yield in a changing climate. Field experiments were carried out in central Russia, in the steppe zone adjacent to the southern part of the Ural Mountains. The soil is medium loamy black soil. The weather conditions of the experimental work site were variable. In the first 3 years, warming was observed with an increase in the sum of effective air temperatures (SEAT) for a period of more than 100 C in the range of up to 28000 C. In the second three years, there was a cooling with a decrease in SEAT to 19000 C. In the first half of the years, precipitation of the growing season decreased to 84 and 71 mm, which is 2-2.6 times less than the long-term level. The second half of the years was characterized by an increase in atmospheric moisture up to 167-280 mm during the growing season. Under the influence of sharply changing weather conditions, crop rotations formed unstable productivity, when deviations by the years of the experiment reached 2 times or more. The greatest deviations from the average grain productivity were observed in the control grain-fallow crop rotation. Productivity changes in biologized crop rotations are 8-9% less. A moderate correlation (r = 0.55) was found between grain productivity of crop rotations and soil humus content. In the soil under biologized crop rotations, the average humus content was 0.7-1.0% higher. To increase the stability of grain productivity in the face of climate change in the steppe zone of the South Urals, it is advisable to improve the farming system based on the use of biologized crop rotations.

Keywords:
Agriculture, climate, crop rotation, chernozems, humus.

Article Info:
Received: 03 Oct 2025; Received in revised form: 01 Nov 2025; Accepted: 08 Nov 2025; Available online: 16 Nov 2025

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